tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14024152009401013522024-03-13T10:38:19.565-07:00THE POWER OF PHYSICSNor Halawati binti Zulkiflihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11013147627867873355noreply@blogger.comBlogger19125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1402415200940101352.post-23486980782415411932011-12-11T17:52:00.000-08:002011-12-11T17:52:32.535-08:00KESAHAN DAN KEBOLEHPERCAYAAN<b>APA ITU KESAHAN?</b><br />
merujuk kepada <i><b>darjah ketepatan proses penaksiran</b></i> menaksir konsep yang tertentu yang hendak diukur penilai. Kesahan mementingkan kejayaan penaksiran <i><b>mengukur apa yang hendak diukur penilai.</b></i><br />
<br />
<b>KESAHAN TERBAHAGI KEPADA DUA IAITU:</b><br />
<b>1)Kesahan Instrumen</b> ~<i>Instrumen mengukur apa yang sepatutnya diukur </i><br />
a)Sesuai (approriate)<br />
b)Bermakna (meaningful)<br />
c)Berguna (useful)<br />
<br />
<b>2)Kesahan inferens/kesimpulan </b><br />
~<i>Instrumen yang sah membolehkan inferens/kesimpulan yang betul/sah dibuat</i><br />
~ bergantung kepada proses2 sebelum ini.<br />
~<i><b> banyak bergantung dgn kesahan instrumen </b></i><br />
<b><br />
</b><br />
<b>KESAHAN INSTRUMEN YANG MEMPENGARUHI KESAHAN INSTRUMEN</b><br />
<b> 1) Kesahan Kandungan / muka</b><br />
~ ditentukan dgn merujuk persetujuan pakar sama ada item / soalanyg dipilih / dibina itu mewakili aspek yg hendak di ukur.<br />
~ kesahan kandungan perlu ditentukan bg instrumen mengukur penguasaan isi kandungan @ kemahiran tertentu.<br />
~ tidak melibatkan prosedur statistik<br />
~ eg: merujuk kepada ujian mengenai kefahaman = wat soalan tentang satu2 kefahaman. jd pakar akan sahkan bentuk soalan yg dibina.<br />
<br />
<b>2) Kesahan Kriteria</b><br />
~ merujuk kepada sejauh mana alat pngukur (eg: usaha, kretiviti) dpt hasilkan skor yg ada hubungn dgn beberapa kriteria luaran yg ditetapkan.<br />
~ melibatkan prosedur kuantitatif yg melibatkan pengiraan pekali kolerasi antara satu @ lebih pembolehubah kriteria<br />
~ pembolehubah kriteria (pencapaian akademik,prestasi dlm latihan tertentu, prestasi kerja, rating) ialah kriteria yg dibuat perbandingan dgn aspek yg hendak diukur<br />
~ Pembolehubah peramal (kecerdasan, aptitud, personaliti) ialah aspek yang hendak diukur atau ditentukan statusnya pada masa akan datang<br />
<br />
<b> FAKTOR MEMPENGARUHI KESAHAN</b><br />
- Arahan kurang jelas<br />
- Perbendaharaan kata dan struktur ayat sukar difahami<br />
-Masa yang diberikan tidak mencukupi<br />
-Aras kesukaran yang kurang sesuai<br />
-Item ujian yang dibina kurang baik<br />
-Item ujian kurang sesuai bagi aras kemahiran yang dikehendaki<br />
-Bilangan item tidak mencukupi<br />
-Susunan item kurang tepat<br />
-Susunan jawapan (ujian objektif) boleh diramalkan<br />
<br />
<b>3) Kesahan Konstruk/gagasan</b><br />
- Merujuk sejauh mana alat pengukur dapat mengukur sesuatu aspek<b> berasaskan teori</b> <br />
- Kepekaan alat pengukur mengukur aras atau dimensi berlainan aspek yang hendak diukur<br />
- Misalnya mampukah soal selidik mengukur aras kerisauan atau ia hanya mengukur kewujudan atau ketiadaannya?<br />
<br />
<b>CARA MENENTUKAN KESAHAN KONSTRUK</b><br />
- Kesahan korelasi<br />
- Analisis faktor<br />
- Kesahan konvergen dan kesahan diskriminan<br />
<br />
<b>APA ITU KEBOLEHPERCAYAAN? </b><br />
Merujuk kepada <i><b>ketekalan (consistency)</b><b><u> alat pengukur</u> dalam mengukur aspek yang hendak diukur</b></i><br />
<b><br />
</b><br />
<b>PENENTUAN KEPERCAYAAN</b><i><b><br />
</b></i><br />
<b>1)Kaedah Uji-Uji Semula(Test-retest method)</b><br />
-<b><i> Beri ujian yang sama dua kali pada masa yang berlainan</i></b>. Selepas itu tentukan korelasi Pearson (analis perujian spss) antara pasangan skor yang diperolehi setiap pelajar <b><i>(uji, uji semula)</i></b><br />
<br />
<br />
<b>2)Ukuran Kesetaraan (Equivalent form)</b><br />
-<b><i>Menggunakan dua ujian yang berlainan tetapi setara yang ditadbir pada hari yang sama</i></b>. Selepas itu tentukan korelasi Pearson antara pasangan skor yang diperolehi setiap pelajar<br />
<br />
<b>3)Ketekalan antara Pemeriksa (Interrater Reliability)</b><br />
- <b><i>Ujian yang sama diperiksa oleh dua atau lebih pemeriksa dan skor yang diberi oleh setiap pemeriksa dibandingkan dengan pemeriksa lain</i></b>. Tidak perlu bagi soalan objektif yang hanya ada satu jawapan tepat.<br />
<br />
<b>4)Ketekalan Dalaman (Internal Consistency)</b><br />
<b><i>-Menggunakan formula (Kuder-Richardson - ada satu jawapan tepat contohnya ujian objektif ty ttg kefahaman fizik) atau pekali alfa (Cronbach Alpha - mengukur instrumen yg xde jawapan tepat contohnya ukur sikap terhadap fizik, politik sekarang)</i></b><br />
<br />
<b>5)Kaedah Belah Dua (Split Half Method)</b><br />
-Ujian yang sama <i><b>dibahagi dua dan skor bagi setiap bahagian ditentukan korelasinya </b></i><br />
<br />
<b>FAKTOR YG MEMPENGARUHI KEBOLEHPERCAYAAN</b><br />
~ Panjang ujian –<i> lebih panjang ujian lebih tinggi kebolehpercayaannya</i> – mengurangkan pengaruh tekaan<br />
~ Item dipanjangkan dengan menambah item-item yang mempunyai kualiti yg sama dengan item sedia ada (lama @ sekejap)<br />
~ Waktu mengadakan ujian (siang hari, lepas makan)<br />
~ Jenis ujian – esei dan objektif (esei lebih kebolehpercayaan)<br />
~ Skema pemarkahan dan pemeriksa (bertauliah @ x bertauliah)<br />
<br />
<b>KAITAN ANTARA KESAHAN DAN KEBOLEHPERCAYAAN</b><br />
~ Ujian perlu sah dan mempunyai kebolehpercayaan untuk membolehkan kesimpulan/inferen yang dibuat daripada <i><b>skor yang diperolehi itu sah.</b></i><br />
~ Kesahan akan memastikan ujian yang dibina itu <b><i>menepati matlamat atau objektif ujian</i></b> itu dibina, manakala kebolehpercayaan pula memastikan ketekalan dalam pengukuran pencapaian murid dalam sesuatu ujian.<br />
~ Ujian yang sah semestinya ada kebolehpercayaan kerana ia <b><i>p</i><i>erlu ada kebolehpercayaan dahulu barulah dikira sah.</i></b><br />
~ Namun,<b><i> ujian yang ada kebolehpercayaan tidak semestinya sah.</i></b><br />
~<i><b> Kesahan lebih penting daripada kebolehpercayaan.</b></i>Nor Halawati binti Zulkiflihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11013147627867873355noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1402415200940101352.post-53073988848310974842011-12-07T17:02:00.000-08:002011-12-12T17:04:24.527-08:00Teknik Memupuk Pemikiran Analitikal dan Kreatif<h3 class="post-title entry-title" style="font-weight: normal;">refresh22222!!! </h3><ul style="color: black;"><li><span class="Apple-style-span">Pembelajaran Inkuiri</span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span">Pembelajaran Berasakan Pemikiran(Thinking Base Learning)</span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span">Pembelajaran Berasaskan Masalah( Problem Base Learning)</span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span">Pembelajaran Koperatif</span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span">Pembelajaran Berasakan Projek(Project base Learning)</span></li>
</ul><br />
<span style="color: black;"> 1. </span><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">Pembelajaran berasaskan inkuiri</span></b><span style="color: black;"> adalah satu kaedah pembelajaran yang dimulai dengan satu persoalan utama dan memerlukan pelajar merancang, menyiasat, menganalisis data, menjawap soalan dan berkongsi maklumat.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="color: black;"> 2.</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;"> <b>Pembelajaran Berasakan Pemikiran</b></span><span style="color: black;"> ialah satu kaedah pembinaan kemahiran berfikir secara kreatif dan kritis secara terus atau eksplisit</span><br />
<br />
<span style="color: black;"> 3.</span><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;"> PBL</span></b><span style="color: black;"> ialah pembelajaran yang dimulakan dengan satu masalah yang berkaitan dengan dunia sebenar dan mempunyai beberapa penyelesaian</span><br />
<br />
<span style="color: black;"> 4.</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;"> <b>Pembelajaran Koperatif</b></span><span style="color: black;"> ialah pembelajaran yang memerlukan pelajar bekerja dalam kumpulan yang dibahagikan secara heterogenous untuk mencapai matlamat yang sama berasaskan 5 prinsip pembelajaran koperatif iaitu saling bergantungan secara positif, akauntabiliti atau penanggungjawaban individu, interaksi bersemuka, pengajaran kemahiran sosial secara eksplisit, pemprosesan kumpulan.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="color: black;"> 5. </span><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">Pembelajaran berasaskan projek</span></b><span style="color: black;"> ialah kaedah pembelajaran dimana pelajar melakukan projek dan menghasilkan produk</span><br />
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<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;">Maksud Pemikiran</span><span style="color: black;">:</span></b><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="color: black; margin-left: 36pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Pemikiran ialah proses menggunakan minda untuk mencari makna dan pemahaman terhadap sesuatu, menerokai pelbagai kemungkinan idea atau ciptaan dan membuat pertimbangan yang wajar, bagi membuat keputusan dan menyelesaikan masalah dan seterusnya membuat refleksi dan metakognisi terhadap proses yang dialami </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 18px;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 18px;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span">Pemikiran analitik</span></b> merupakan satu operasi kognitif yang memerlukan kita melihat sesuatu butiran secara mendalam dan terperinci</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 18px;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: black;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span">Pemikiran Kreatif</span></span></b></div><ul style="color: black;"><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 18px;">Kecekapan menggunakan minda untuk</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 18px;">Menjana dan menghasilkan idea</span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 18px;">Mencipta sesuatu yang baru, asli, luar biasa, pelbagai, dan bernilai</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 18px;"> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 18px;">sama ada bersifat maujud, abstrak, idea atau gagasan.</span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 18px;">Menerokai dan mencari makna, pemahaman dan penyelesaian masalah</span></li>
</ul><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 18px;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span">Kaedah analogi</span></b> diguna untuk membina jambatan konsep untuk pelajar bagi menghubungkan apa yang diketahui (konsep analog) dengan apa yang baru (konsep target).</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 18px;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 18px;">Terdapat 6 langkah utama dalam <b>Model Pengajaran dengan Analogi (Glynn, 1995)</b></span></div><ol style="color: black;"><li><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-align: left; text-indent: -24px;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-align: left; text-indent: -24px;"><span class="Apple-style-span">Perkenalkan konsep target</span></span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-align: left; text-indent: -24px;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-align: left; text-indent: -24px;">Ulang kaji konsep analog</span></span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span">Kenal pasti ciri-ciri relevan konsep target dan analog</span></span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-align: left; text-indent: -24px;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-align: left; text-indent: -24px;">Petakan ciri yang serupa</span></span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span">Tunjukkan di mana analogi tidak lagi sepadan</span></span></li>
<li><span class="Apple-style-span"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-align: left; text-indent: -24px;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-align: left; text-indent: -24px;">Buat kesimpulan </span></span></li>
</ol><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 18px;">Contoh analog dan target:</span></div><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: medium none; color: black;"><tbody>
<tr> <td style="border: 1pt solid black; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 232.2pt;" valign="top" width="310"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Solar System (Analog)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> <td style="border: 1pt solid black; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 232.2pt;" valign="top" width="310"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Atom (Target)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: 1pt solid black; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 232.2pt;" valign="top" width="310"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Sun<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 232.2pt;" valign="top" width="310"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Nucleus<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: 1pt solid black; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 232.2pt;" valign="top" width="310"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Planets<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 232.2pt;" valign="top" width="310"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Electrons<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: 1pt solid black; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 232.2pt;" valign="top" width="310"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Sun attract Planet<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 232.2pt;" valign="top" width="310"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Nucleus attract electron<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: 1pt solid black; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 232.2pt;" valign="top" width="310"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Sun is more massive than planet<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="border-color: -moz-use-text-color black black -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 232.2pt;" valign="top" width="310"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Nucleus is more massive than electron</span></div></td></tr>
</tbody></table>Nor Halawati binti Zulkiflihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11013147627867873355noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1402415200940101352.post-16423239172385052732011-12-06T16:54:00.000-08:002011-12-12T16:56:21.018-08:00Penaksiran, Pengujian, Pengukuran dan Penilaian<u><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: orange;">Penaksiran</span></b></u><br />
Penaksiran ialah proses mengumpul data tentang apa yang pelajar tahu dan apa yang mereka boleh lakukan.<br />
<br />
<u><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #e06666;">Tujuan dan Jenis Penaksiran:</span></b></u><br />
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 586px;"><tbody>
<tr style="height: 32.35pt;"> <td style="-moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; background: rgb(148, 182, 210) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; border: 1pt solid white; height: 32.35pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 215.4pt;" valign="top" width="287"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">TUJUAN</span></b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="-moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; background: rgb(148, 182, 210) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; border-color: white white white -moz-use-text-color; border-style: solid solid solid none; border-width: 1pt 1pt 3pt medium; height: 32.35pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 224.15pt;" valign="top" width="299"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">JENIS</span></b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 37.7pt;"> <td style="-moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; background: rgb(220, 229, 238) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; border: 1pt solid white; height: 37.7pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 215.4pt;" valign="top" width="287"><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;">Mengenal pasti kelemahan dan kesediaan belajar </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="-moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; background: rgb(220, 229, 238) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; border-color: -moz-use-text-color white white -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 37.7pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 224.15pt;" valign="top" width="299"><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;">Penaksiran diagnostik </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 41.75pt;"> <td style="-moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; background: rgb(239, 243, 247) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; border: 1pt solid white; height: 41.75pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 215.4pt;" valign="top" width="287"><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;">Mempelbagaikan penaksiran secara berkala bagi tujuan penaksiran sumatif </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="-moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; background: rgb(239, 243, 247) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; border-color: -moz-use-text-color white white -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 41.75pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 224.15pt;" valign="top" width="299"><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;">Penaksiran formatif (<i>formative assessment</i>) </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 41.05pt;"> <td style="-moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; background: rgb(220, 229, 238) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; border: 1pt solid white; height: 41.05pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 215.4pt;" valign="top" width="287"><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;">Membantu pelajar belajar secara berterusan </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="-moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; background: rgb(220, 229, 238) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; border-color: -moz-use-text-color white white -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 41.05pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 224.15pt;" valign="top" width="299"><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;">Penaksiran untuk pembelajaran (<i>assessement for learning </i>dan<i> assessment as learning)</i> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 62.35pt;"> <td style="-moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; background: rgb(239, 243, 247) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; border: 1pt solid white; height: 62.35pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 215.4pt;" valign="top" width="287"><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;">Memberi gred </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;">Melapor kepada pihak luar </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;">Membuat keputusan tentang sesuatu tindakan </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="-moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; background: rgb(239, 243, 247) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; border-color: -moz-use-text-color white white -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 62.35pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 224.15pt;" valign="top" width="299"><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;">Penaksiran sumatif (<i>summative assessment</i>) atau penaksiran hasil pembelajaran (<i>assessment of learning</i>)</span></div></td></tr>
</tbody></table><br />
<u><b><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #20124d;">Perbezaan Assessmment for Learning dan Assessment as Learning</span></b></u> <br />
<br />
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 577px;"><tbody>
<tr style="height: 36pt;"> <td style="-moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; background: rgb(148, 182, 210) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; border: 1pt solid white; height: 36pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 205.65pt;" valign="top" width="274"><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Assessment <i>for</i> learning </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="-moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; background: rgb(148, 182, 210) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; border-color: white white white -moz-use-text-color; border-style: solid solid solid none; border-width: 1pt 1pt 3pt medium; height: 36pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 8cm;" valign="top" width="302"><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Assessment <i>as </i>learning </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 67.4pt;"> <td style="-moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; background: rgb(220, 229, 238) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; border: 1pt solid white; height: 67.4pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 205.65pt;" valign="top" width="274"><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Sejauh mana pembelajaran berlaku dibuat perbandingan dengan kriteria yang merujuk kepada hasil pembelajaran yang diharapkan </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="-moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; background: rgb(220, 229, 238) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; border-color: -moz-use-text-color white white -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 67.4pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 8cm;" valign="top" width="302"><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Sejauh mana pembelajaran berlaku dibuat perbandingan dengan prestasi kendiri sebelumnya </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
</tbody></table><br />
<u><b><br />
Pengkelasan mengikut darjah keutamaan antara faktor ekonomi, ketulenan (autentik), dengan kebolehpercayaan.</b></u> <br />
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 548px;"><tbody>
<tr style="height: 29.2pt;"> <td style="-moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; background: rgb(148, 182, 210) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; border: 1pt solid white; height: 29.2pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 200.4pt;" valign="top" width="267"><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Faktor yang diutamakan </span></b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="-moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; background: rgb(148, 182, 210) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; border-color: white white white -moz-use-text-color; border-style: solid solid solid none; border-width: 1pt 1pt 3pt medium; height: 29.2pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 210.8pt;" valign="top" width="281"><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Jenis </span></b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 28.05pt;"> <td style="-moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; background: rgb(220, 229, 238) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; border: 1pt solid white; height: 28.05pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 200.4pt;" valign="top" width="267"><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Ketulenan (authenticity) </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="-moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; background: rgb(220, 229, 238) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; border-color: -moz-use-text-color white white -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 28.05pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 210.8pt;" valign="top" width="281"><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Penaksiran autentik atau penaksiran alternatif </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 28pt;"> <td style="-moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; background: rgb(239, 243, 247) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; border: 1pt solid white; height: 28pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 200.4pt;" valign="top" width="267"><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Ekonomi dan kebolehpercayaan </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="-moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; background: rgb(239, 243, 247) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; border-color: -moz-use-text-color white white -moz-use-text-color; border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: medium 1pt 1pt medium; height: 28pt; padding: 3.6pt 7.2pt; width: 210.8pt;" valign="top" width="281"><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Penaksiran konvensional/ tradisional atau pengujian </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
</tbody></table><br />
<br />
<u><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0c343d;">Penaksiran Diagnostik</span> </b></u>dapat mengetahui kemlemahan dan kesediaan pelajar dengan melakukan ujian diagnostik<br />
<br />
<u><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0c343d;">Penaksiran Sumatif</span></b></u> untuk mengumpul data apa yang pelajar tahu di sesuatu unit di setiap akhir topik, akhit semester dan sebagainya.<br />
<u><b><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0c343d;">Penaksiran Formatif</span></b> </u> dapat mempelbagaikan penaksiran secara berskala bagi tujuan penaksiran sumatif<br />
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<u><b>Pengujian</b></u><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: cyan;">Pengujian</span> ialah proses mengumpul data secara sistematik di bawah keadaan yang terkawal dan seragam.<br />
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<u><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: cyan;">Pengukuran</span></b></u><br />
proses dimana skala standard @ alat pengukur diaplikasikan kepada objek, peristiwa atau keadaan contohnya memberi markah.<br />
<br />
<u><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: cyan;">Penilaian</span></b></u> ialah proses membandingkan data (pengukuran) kepada satu standard @ kriteria dengan tujuan menentukan kualiti atau nilai harganya.Nor Halawati binti Zulkiflihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11013147627867873355noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1402415200940101352.post-7398771442204427132011-11-17T13:08:00.000-08:002011-11-17T13:08:16.457-08:00Prezi... i'm not crazy!salam mahabbah semua...<br />
<br />
isnin lalu (14/11/2011), DrNurul telah memberikan satu tugasan mengenai Problem Based Learning..<br />
menyelesaikan masalah berkaitan Saya, Media dan Teknologi..<br />
Dr memperkenalkan kami dgn media baru iaitu<a href="http://prezi.com/your/"> prezi</a>..<br />
salah satu medium yg amat sesuai utk presentation.<br />
kalo dulu kita guna power point..<br />
jom sekarang kita berubah ke prezi...<br />
<br />
mula2 nak buat Crazy sekejap... Prezi make me crazy...hoho<br />
<br />
alhamdulillah dpt siapkan...<br />
terima kaseh kepada <a href="http://senangnokingat.blogspot.com/">Fatinah</a> sebab dia sabo mngejar dan melayan kerenah saya...<br />
<br />
ni link ke prezi saya...<a href="http://prezi.com/hke9hdye11bj/saya-teknologi-dan-media/">saya, teknologi dan media</a>Nor Halawati binti Zulkiflihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11013147627867873355noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1402415200940101352.post-13694203574080883862011-11-16T09:14:00.000-08:002011-11-27T09:21:46.664-08:00Pembelajaran koperatif<div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: #1c1c1c; font-family: 'Luckiest Guy'; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px;"></span><br />
<div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;">Pembelajaran koperatif ini merupakan satu kaedah pembelajaran dimana pelajar belajar dalam satu kelompok kumpulan dan terdapat 5 prinsip dalam pembelajaran koperatif ini iaitu:</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><u><b>1) Saling bergantung secara positif</b></u></div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"># setiap ahli kumpulan adalah bergantung antara satu sama yang lain. semua ahli kumpulan perlu mengambil berat tentang pembelajaran dari diri sendiri dan juga rakan-rakan.</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><b><u>2) penanggujawaban individu</u></b></div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"># setiap ahli kumpulan mempunyai tanggungjawab bukan untuk mencapai matlamat, tetapi juga bertujuan memastikan bahawa setiap ahli menjadi individu yang lebih berkebolehan. maksudnya ahli tersebut tidak bergantung kepada kumpulan itu sahaja malahan kalau sendiri sahaja pun dia boleh melakukannya.</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><b><u>3) Interaksi bersemuka</u></b></div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;">#ahli kumpulan perlu duduk berdekatan dan berinteraksi di antara satu sama yang lain secara bersemuka supaya mereka dapat membantu, menggalak dan seterusnya meningkatkan usaha antara satu sama yang lain.</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><b><u>4) Pengajaran kemahiran sosial secara Ekplisit</u></b></div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;">#memberitahu peraturan atau arahan tersebut secara terus, tersurat dan jelas.</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><b><u>5) Pemprosesan kumpulan.</u></b></div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"># melakukan penilaian ke atas pencapaian kumpulan itu sendiri....</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><u>teknik dalam pembelajaran KOPERATIF</u></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;">1)<b>STAD</b>(student team achievement division)</div><div style="text-align: justify;">2)<b>GI</b>(group investigation)</div><div style="text-align: justify;">3)<b>TGT</b>(teams group tournaments)</div><div style="text-align: justify;">4)<b>TAI</b>(team accelerated instruction)</div><div style="text-align: justify;">5)<b>NUMBER HEADS TOGETHER</b></div></div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;">6) <b>JIGSAW</b> </div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><b>Teknik JIGSAW </b>adalah teknik yang digunakan oleh dr untuk menjalankan kelas kami pada hari ini. Kaedah pembelajaran berasakan teknik JIGSAW adalah seperti berikut:</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;">1) kami duduk seramai 5 orang dalam satu kumpulan. kumpulan ini merupakan kumpulan (ASAL).</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;">2) kemudian, dalam kumpulan tersebut, setiap ahli kumpulan diberi nombor iaitu 1-5.</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;">3) selepas itu, semua ahli kumpulan keluar daripada kumpulan ASAL dan membentukkumpulan pakar PAKAR daripada no yang telah diberikan tadi. maksud nya, semua ahli yang bernombor 1 bagi setiap kumpulan ASAL akan menjadi satu kumpulan PAKAR. begitu juga dengan nombor yang lain.</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;">4)dalam kumpulan PAKAR, kami telah dibahagikan dengan teknik2 pembelajaran koperatif dan kumpulan aku telah mendapat teknik TAI dan menerangkan prinsip2 dalam pembelajaran koperatif. seterusnya, semua ahli kumpulan dalam kumpulan PAKAR perlu mencari maklumat dan mahir dalam teknik TAI. kami telah diberikan masa selama 20 minit.</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;">5) setelah selesai 20 minit. kami kembali semula ke dalam kumpulan ASAL dan setiap kumpulan diberikan masa 30 minit untuk menerangkan semula semua teknik2 pembelajaran koperatif dalam kumpulan ASAL masing2 dengan mengikut nombor masing2.</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;">6) selepas selesai perbincangan dalam kumpulan ASAL dan semua ahli kumpulan telah mengetahui prinsip2 pembelajaran koperatif serta teknik2nya. dr nurul pun mengadakan satu penilaian melalui soalan yang diberikannya. terdapat 3 soalan dan dr akan memberikan markah bonus kepada kumpulan yang mendapat markah paling tinggi.</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;">terdapat 3 soalan, untuk soalan pertama dr akan memilih 1 nombor contohnya no 1. jadi semua ahli kumpulan yang bernombor 1 dalam setiap kumpulan perlu bangun dan menjawab soalan 1 tersebut dan begitu juga dengan soalan yang ke 2 dan ketiga. setelah semua soalan dijawab. markah akan dijumlahkan kesemuanya dan kumpulan yang mempunyai markah paling tinggi akan mendapat ganjaran markah bonus tersebut.</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;">nanti sy poskan sal 5 lg tu ea... ^_^</div>Nor Halawati binti Zulkiflihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11013147627867873355noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1402415200940101352.post-13092916227753523072011-11-16T09:03:00.000-08:002011-11-27T09:04:30.396-08:00Problem Based Learninghari ni belajar <b>PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL)..</b><br />
<br />
<b>what is PBL???</b><br />
PBL is a istructional ill-structured (teaching method) that uses real life ill-structured problem as the impetus for learning....<br />
<br />
PBL is guided by teacher. teacher act as fasilitator that guides student to generate ideas by using <b>thinking template</b> such as <b>FILA CHART </b><br />
Thinking template<b> (FILA CHART)</b> is use because is help the student what they know, what they don't know and what they need to find out the problem.<br />
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<b>F-</b> Facts of the probelem<br />
<b>I -</b> ideas of the problem<br />
<b>L -</b> learning issues<br />
<b>A -</b> action plan to solve the problem<br />
<br />
fuh penat otak memikiq!Nor Halawati binti Zulkiflihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11013147627867873355noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1402415200940101352.post-57407767214542179502011-10-26T00:02:00.000-07:002011-10-26T00:02:31.924-07:00REFLEKSI KEMAHIRAN MIKROPENGAJARAN<div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><u><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"> Pengenalan Kemahiran Mikropengajaran.</span></b></u></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;">Terdapat 9 kemahiran mikropengajaran utama:</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">1.</span><span style="color: black;">Memulakan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">pengajaran</span><span style="color: black;"> (</span><span style="color: black;">termasuk</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">mencungkil</span><span style="color: black;"> idea)</span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .38in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.38in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">2.</span><span style="color: black;">Menyoal</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .38in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.38in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">3.</span><span style="color: black;">Menerang</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .38in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.38in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">4.</span><span style="color: black;">Memperkukuh</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .38in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.38in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">5.</span><span style="color: black;">Membuat</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">demonstrasi</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .38in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.38in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">6.</span><span style="color: black;">Mengendali</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">perbincangan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .38in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.38in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">7.</span><span style="color: black;">Mengendali</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">kerja</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">amali</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .38in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.38in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">8.</span><span style="color: black;">Menutup</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">pengajaran</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .38in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.38in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">9.</span><span style="color: black;">Membuat</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">refleksi</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><b><u><br />
</u></b></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><u><b>Memulakan pengajaran (termasuk mencungkil idea)</b></u></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;">Tujuan memulakan pengajaran ini ialah untuk:</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;">1) Menarik minat pelajar</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;">2) Membantu pelajar bersedia samada dari segi kognitif atau efektif</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;">3) Memperkenalkan objektif pembelajaran</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;">4)Membina aliran pemikiran</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;">5) Mengetahui pengetahuan & miskonsepsi pelajar</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b><u>Menyoal</u></b></span></div><br />
<div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .35in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: black;">Tujuan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">menyoal</span><span style="color: black;"> :</span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .35in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Memulakan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">inkuiri</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .35in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Melibatkan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">pelajar</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">secara</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">aktif</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">dalam</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">proses</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">pembelajaran</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .35in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Menarik</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">perhatian</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">pelajar</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">dan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">menimbulkan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">sifat</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">ingin</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">tahu</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .35in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Menumpukan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">perhatian</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">pelajar</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">kepada</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">sesuatu</span><span style="color: black;"> idea </span><span style="color: black;">atau</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">konsep</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .35in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Menggalakkan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">pelajar</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">bertanya</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">soalan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .35in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Membina</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">kemahiran</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">berfikir</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .35in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Meminta</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">penjelasan</span><span style="color: black;"> idea </span><span style="color: black;">pelajar</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .35in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Mengenal</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">pasti</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">dan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">menangani</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">miskonsepsi</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .35in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Mentaksir</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">kefahaman</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">pelajar</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .35in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><u>Langkah menyoal</u></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .35in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;">1) Ajukan soalan</span></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .35in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;">2) beri masa berfikir</span></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .35in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;">3) Pilih pelajar utk menjawab</span></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .35in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;">4) Beri respon/ reaksi jawapan pelajar</span></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .35in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;">5) Tekankan/ buat ringkasan jawapan pelajar yg mudah difahami</span></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .35in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><b><u><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Menerang</span></u></b></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .35in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><u>Jenis-jenis penerangan</u></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .35in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Penaakulan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div class="O1" style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.7in; margin-top: 5.5pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.3in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #94b6d2;">¤</span><span style="color: black;">Menggunakan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">proses</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">logik</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">untuk</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">menjawab</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">soalan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div class="O1" style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.7in; margin-top: 5.5pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.3in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #94b6d2;">¤</span><span style="color: black;">Menstruktur</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">semula</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">konsep</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">atau</span><span style="color: black;"> idea</span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Interpretatif</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div class="O1" style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.7in; margin-top: 5.5pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.3in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #94b6d2;">¤</span><span style="color: black;">Menghuraikan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">maksud</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">sesuatu</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">istilah</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">atau</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">penyataan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div class="O1" style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.7in; margin-top: 5.5pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.3in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #94b6d2;">¤</span><span style="color: black;">Idea, </span><span style="color: black;">konsep</span><span style="color: black;">, </span><span style="color: black;">prinsip</span><span style="color: black;">, </span><span style="color: black;">atau</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">teori</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Diskriptif</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div class="O1" style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.7in; margin-top: 5.5pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.3in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #94b6d2;">¤</span><span style="color: black;">Menghuraikan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">proses</span><span style="color: black;">, </span><span style="color: black;">struktur</span><span style="color: black;">, </span><span style="color: black;">dan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">prosedur</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div class="O1" style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.7in; margin-top: 5.5pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.3in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #94b6d2;">¤</span><span style="color: black;">Arahan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">jelas</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">langkah-langkah</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">menjalankan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">sesuatu</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .35in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b><u>Memperkukuh</u></b></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .35in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><u><span style="color: black;">Tujuan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">memperkukuh</span></u><span style="color: black;"></span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Meningkatkan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">interaksi</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">bilik</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">darjah</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Memperbaiki</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">disiplin</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">bilik</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">darjah</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Memotivasi</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">pelajar</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Meningkatkan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">keyakinan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">pelajar</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Mengubah</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">atau</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">mengubah</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">suai</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">kelakuan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">pelajar</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">secara</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">positif</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Meningkatkan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">kefahaman</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">pelajar</span></span></div></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .35in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><b><u>Membuat demonstrasi</u></b></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .35in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><u><span style="color: black;">Tujuan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">membuat</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">demonstrasi</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></u></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Mengajak</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">pelajar</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">menjalankan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">inkuiri</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">terbimbing</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Membantu</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">pelajar</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">membina</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">kefahaman</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Merangsang</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">pemikiran</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">kritis</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">dan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">kreatif</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></div></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .35in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><b><u>Mengendalikan perbincangan</u></b></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .35in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><u><span style="color: black;">Tujuan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">mengadakan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">perbincangan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></u></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Melibatkan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">pelajar</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">secara</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">aktif</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">dalam</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">pembelajaran</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Melibatkan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">pelajar</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">dalam</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">proses</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">menyelesaikan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">masalah</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">saintifik</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">berbanding</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">mengajar</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">isi</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">kandungan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Memperkukuhkan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">pembelajaran</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Meransang</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">kemahiran</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">berfikir</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">secara</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">kritis</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">dan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">kreatif</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Memberi</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">maklum</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">balas</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">pantas</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">kepada</span><span style="color: black;"> guru </span><span style="color: black;">tentang</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">kefahaman</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">pelajar</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .35in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><b><u>Mengendalikan kerja amali</u></b></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .35in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><u><span style="color: black;">Tujuan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">menjalankan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">amali</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></u></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Meningkatkan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">penguasaan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">isi</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">kandungan</span><span style="color: black; font-weight: bold;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Memberi</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">peluang</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">pelajar</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">mengalami</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">tabii</span><span style="color: black;">, </span><span style="color: black;">kaedah</span><span style="color: black;">, </span><span style="color: black;">dan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">semangat</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">sains</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Membina</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">kemahiran</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">dan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">sikap</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">saintifik</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Membina</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">kemahiran</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">berfikir</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">kritis</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">dan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">kreatif</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Membina</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">kemahiran</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">praktik</span><span style="color: black;"> yang </span><span style="color: black;">generik</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047; font-weight: bold;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Membina</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">pengetahuan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">sains</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">secara</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">empirik</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Membina</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">kemahiran</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">bekerja</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">dalam</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">kumpulan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .35in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><b><u>Menutup pengajaran</u></b></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .35in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><div style="direction: ltr; line-height: 90%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><u><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Aspek</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">Kognitif</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></u></div><div style="direction: ltr; line-height: 90%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span style="color: black;"><span> </span></span><span style="color: black;">Melihat</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">semula</span><span style="color: black;">/</span><span style="color: black;">meperkukuh</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">dan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">meringkaskan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">hasil</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">pembelajaran</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></div><div style="direction: ltr; line-height: 90%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span style="color: black;"><span> </span></span><span style="color: black;">Menaksir</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">kefahaman</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">pelajar</span><span style="color: black;">. Cuba </span><span style="color: black;">jadikan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">pengakhiran</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">pelajaran</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">sesuatu</span><span style="color: black;"> yang </span><span style="color: black;">tidak</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">dapat</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">dilupakan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></div><div style="direction: ltr; line-height: 90%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span style="color: black;"><span> </span></span><span style="color: black;">Pelajar</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">membuat</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">refleksi</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">ke</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">atas</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">apa</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">dan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">bagaimana</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">mereka</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">belajar</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">dan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">membuat</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">kesimpulan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></div><div style="direction: ltr; line-height: 90%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span style="color: black;"><span> </span></span><span style="color: black;">Membuat</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">perkaitan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">dengan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">pelajaran</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">akan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">datang</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></div><div style="direction: ltr; line-height: 90%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span style="color: black;"><span> </span></span><span style="color: black;">Memberi</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">kerja</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">rumah</span><span style="color: black;">/</span><span style="color: black;">pembacaan</span><span style="color: black;"> yang </span><span style="color: black;">sesuai</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></div><div style="direction: ltr; line-height: 90%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><u><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Aspek</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">Sosial</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></u></div><div style="direction: ltr; line-height: 90%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span style="color: black;"><span> </span></span><span style="color: black;">Nilai</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">afektif</span><span style="color: black;">: </span><span style="color: black;">Perasaan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">mencapai</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">kejayaan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">dan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">keseronokan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">pengalaman</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">belajar</span><span style="color: black;">. Cuba </span><span style="color: black;">jadikan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">pelajar</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">berasa</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">apa</span><span style="color: black;"> yang </span><span style="color: black;">mereka</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">pelajari</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">itu</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">penting</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">dan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">istimewa</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></div></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .35in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><b><u>Membuat refleksi</u></b></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .35in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: black;">Tujuan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">membuat</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">refleksi</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Mengenal</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">pasti</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">isu</span><span style="color: black;">/</span><span style="color: black;">masalah</span><span style="color: black;"> yang </span><span style="color: black;">mungkin</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">dihadapi</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">bagi</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">tujuan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">penambahbaikan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Mengenal</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">pasti</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">kekuatan</span><span style="color: black;"> yang </span><span style="color: black;">boleh</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">dimanfaatkan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">¨</span><span style="color: black;">Merangka</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">tindakan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">penambahbaikan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">dari</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">sudut</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">peribadi</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">dan</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black;">profesionalisme</span><span style="color: black;"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: black;"><br />
</span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: black;"><u><b>~SAYA NAK JADI CIKGU YG BAIK~</b></u></span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; font-size: x-large; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-decoration: underline; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; font-size: 29.0pt; language: en-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; mso-bidi-font-family: +mn-cs; mso-color-index: 1; mso-fareast-font-family: +mn-ea; mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt;"> </span></div></div><div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: .35in; margin-top: 7.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: left; text-indent: -.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><br />
</div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: inherit;"><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><u><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><b><br />
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</span></span></div>Nor Halawati binti Zulkiflihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11013147627867873355noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1402415200940101352.post-18132115652110045092011-10-10T09:57:00.000-07:002011-10-10T09:57:35.072-07:00tugasan baruhari ini Dr.Nurul memberi satu lagi tugasan kpd km.<br />
tugasan ini merangkumi 50% markah subjek KPD3016<br />
mantop3... need too struggle muggle.. yeah!!!!<br />
<br />
kumpulan sy kena wat tajuk paling senang dalam dunia (dr.Nurul cakap)<br />
<i>~kepala pikir senang sgt kah???~huhu</i><br />
<i><br />
</i><br />
tugasan perlu dihantar utk disemak pada minggu ke-9...yg hanya lengkap utk 3 lesson plan...<br />
<br />
<i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red; font-size: large;">Allahu yassir, wa la tuassir</span></i>Nor Halawati binti Zulkiflihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11013147627867873355noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1402415200940101352.post-25793387617259419542011-10-07T18:32:00.000-07:002011-10-11T18:20:23.408-07:00REFLEKSI PjBL<div style="text-align: justify;">Berlalu sudah 3 minggu yg telah diperuntukkan utk km menyiapkan tugasan Project based learning.</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Banyak yg kami perolehi sepanjang menjalankan project ini. Bukan calang2 project...</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">apa yg sy perolehi<br />
<br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><u><b>1) Penggunaan blog, wikispace & lain2 seperti google documen, yahoo answer..</b></u><br />
sepanjang menjalankan project, Dr Nurul mewajibkan km membuat blog dan wikispace. Penubuhan Blog adalah bertujuan untuk km berkongsi ilmu ttg apa yg km pelajari dalam kelas dan apa yg km perolehi sepanjang km menjalankan project ini. Manakala wikispace pula adlah laman sesawang utk km berdiskusi,menjana idea dan pendapat bersama.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><u>2) kemahiran komunikasi </u></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Antara kaedah yang dilakukan sepanjang menjalankan projek ini ialah kaedah temubual dgn masyarakat luar, pensyarah dan pelajar. melalui kaedah ini, ia malatih km akan kemahiran komunikasi.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><u>3) Keyakinan diri ketika perbentangan project</u></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Saya pasti semua org gemuruh tika berucap dihadapan apatah lg berucap berkaitan dgn fakta. Salah fakta, org yg mendengar pasti memberi respon membetulkannya. keyakinan diri sgt penting ketika melakukan perbentangan. Yakin berucap dan yakin apa yg diucapkan. Bila yakin itu ada, maka sudah tentu perbentangan dan penyampaian jelas utk pendengar.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><u>4) berfikiran kreatif dn kritis terhadap masa depan negara</u></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;">berfikiran kreatif terhadap tugasan yg diberi. Kreatif utk membuat perbentangan projek, kreatif utkmenarik minat masyarakat luar terhadapt tenaga nuklear. Kreatis pula memikirkan masa depan negara. Harus berfikir 360 darjah... ^_^</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><u>5) semangat kerjasama dgn rakan kumpulan</u></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;">apa yg penting???</div><div style="text-align: justify;">kerjasama.. yes!</div><div style="text-align: justify;">kerjasama antara kumpulan dpt dipupuksepanjang menjalankan tugasan. tiada kerjasama projek ibarat tiada apa2.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><u>6) nilai-nilai murni</u></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;">byk nilai2 murni yg km perolehi..terima kaseh semua!</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">secara keseluruhannya, projek ni membuka ruang dan minda kami utk berfikiran lebih jauh. Terlalu banyak manfaat yg km perolehi sepanjang menjalankan projek ini. 3 minggu dirasakan terlalu singkat utk menyiapakan tugasan ini. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Terima kaseh Dr Nurul!!</div>Nor Halawati binti Zulkiflihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11013147627867873355noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1402415200940101352.post-81657663963533215162011-10-05T09:21:00.000-07:002011-10-10T09:37:40.519-07:00Terima Kasih<div style="text-align: center;">Posto..posto..posto..</div><div style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: center;">terima kaseh tidak terhingga ku ucapkan kepada Dr. Nurul..</div><div style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: center;">Terima kaseh kepada ahli kumpulanku missworldphysics..</div><div style="text-align: center;">Cik haa yg bertungkus lumus menyiapkan video..</div><div style="text-align: center;">Cik Rai yg susah payah mencari maklumat utk debat..</div><div style="text-align: center;">Cik Arma yg byk memberi idea perlaksaan projek..</div><div style="text-align: center;">Cik Piqah yg sentiasa cool..</div><div style="text-align: center;">Cik Aisyah ketua yg berdedikasi..</div><div style="text-align: center;">Cik Ida yg bersengkang mata utk projek</div><div style="text-align: center;">n Cik Ain yg xhenti meniupkan semangat...</div><div style="text-align: center;">sgt2 terharu bersama kalian...</div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-u9SgVbLJKRE/TpMezJ5CzCI/AAAAAAAAABE/5MPTOYXsqVQ/s1600/miss.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="277" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-u9SgVbLJKRE/TpMezJ5CzCI/AAAAAAAAABE/5MPTOYXsqVQ/s320/miss.png" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">5 drpd 8.. kpd ain, arma..sori xlukes gmbaq ampa sb kami xdak gambaq ampa..huhu</td></tr>
</tbody></table><div style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: center;">terima kaseh juga kepada ahli jawatankuasa pelaksanaan seminar...</div><div style="text-align: center;">anda semua hebat!</div><div style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: center;">terima kaseh juga kepada sahabat2 psyco physics yg banyak membuka minda dalam perlaksanaan projek..</div><div style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: center;">terima kaseh juga kepada mereka yg sentiasa memberi sokongan kpd sy dan rakan sekelas AT 12..</div><div style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: center;">terima kaseh..terima kaseh.. terima kaseh!</div><div style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-TlrvtMqB-IU/TpMfQYplzmI/AAAAAAAAABI/KzLwTUx3b8g/s1600/Three65vibe_thank-you.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-TlrvtMqB-IU/TpMfQYplzmI/AAAAAAAAABI/KzLwTUx3b8g/s1600/Three65vibe_thank-you.jpg" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div>Nor Halawati binti Zulkiflihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11013147627867873355noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1402415200940101352.post-41496609423669172192011-10-04T09:00:00.000-07:002011-10-10T09:50:09.902-07:00SEMINAR MALAYSIA DAN NUKLEAR<div style="text-align: justify;">Tanggal 4/10/2011 satu seminar telah dijalankan di Auditorium utama. seminar Malaysia Dan Nuklear adalah merupakan hari kemuncak kami untuk<i> project based learning. </i>seminar ini dijalankan bertujuan utk menegtengahkan bakat kepimpinan dalam menguruskan sesuatu program disamping menyemai budaya saintifik dan menambahkan pengetahuan ilmu sains dalam dalam kalangan mahasiswa. Seminar ini juga dapat membuka minda mahasiswa mengenai tenaga nuklear.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">seminar ini dijalankan sebanyak dua sesi. sesi yg pertama ialah ceramah dan sesi yg kedua ialah perbentangan kumpulan PjBL</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">seminar ini dimulai dgn ceramah oleh En Fairuz bin Abd Farid, wakil Pengarah Bahagian Tenaga Nuklear, Agensi Nuklear Malaysia. Ceramah ini menjelaskan secara detail mengenai tenaga nuklear baik dr segi kebaikannya serta keburukan tenaga nuklear. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Melalui penyampai En Fairuz, ia menambahkan lg pengetahuan saya mengenai nuklear. jika semalam kami berdebat dr hasil dapatan kajian melalui org awam dan maklumat dari laman sesawang, tapi pada hari ini km dijelaskan beserta bukti kajian2 yg telah dilakukan oleh pakar2 nuklear. diakhir ceramah beliau, sy dapati, ramai yg berubah fikiran menyokong penjanaan tenaga nuklear di Malaysia....<i> tak kenal maka x cinta..</i></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">pada sesi kedua, setiap kumpulan membentangkan hasil dapatan kajian mengikut perspektif masing-masing.</div><div style="text-align: justify;">di sini saya sertakan hasil video kerja kumpulan sy <i><u>missworldphysics</u></i></div><i></i><br />
<div style="text-align: -webkit-auto;"><i><u><br />
</u></i></div><div style="text-align: center;"><i><br />
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</i></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dwSEH2kmV_Pnd4ejKxhLQqQb71E75hYp-b95gCN-7KhM7dU7jDPbWOAU8rgzIpOPY-nBOo3hXQMYi5H0xP6Mw' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></i></div><div style="text-align: center;"><i><br />
</i></div><div style="text-align: center;"><i>Alhamdulillah</i></div><div style="text-align: center;"><i>terima kasih Ya Allah</i></div><div style="text-align: center;"><i><br />
</i></div><div style="text-align: center;"><i>tawakkal ilallah!</i></div><i> </i>Nor Halawati binti Zulkiflihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11013147627867873355noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1402415200940101352.post-34892702156110477132011-10-03T08:59:00.000-07:002011-10-10T09:00:16.882-07:00DebatPada hari ini iaitu 3/10/2011 ialah sesi Debat Malaysia dan Nuklear. Persoalannya Relevankah Tenaga Nuklear di Malaysia.<br />
<br />
Debat ini dibahagikan kepada dua kumpulan iaitu Kerajaan & Pembangkang.Setiap pendebat hanya diberikan 8 minit untuk memberi usul. Debat ini dijalankan sebanyak 2 pusingan.<br />
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nanti insyaAllah sy akan upload video debat...<br />
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<b><u>komentar Dr Nurul utk kerajaan: </u></b><br />
<b>- </b>hujah kerajaan x menyengat..xde data & bukti yg sahih,<br />
(kerajaan memberi hujah mengenai nuclear waste boleh recycle tapi tidak disertakan dgn bukti)<br />
- boleh patahkan hujah lawan dgn bukti terkini.<br />
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<b><u>komentar Dr Nurul utk pembangkang:</u></b><br />
- hujah perlulah terbuka bukan hanya tertumpu kpd faktor keselamatan<br />
- hujah tidak <i>up to date</i><br />
- hujah perlu disertakan dgn bukti<br />
<b><u><br />
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<b>~apa2 pun tahniah buat semua.. great job!!!~</b>Nor Halawati binti Zulkiflihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11013147627867873355noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1402415200940101352.post-25952361117866754682011-09-26T12:08:00.000-07:002011-09-26T12:09:16.094-07:00Matlamat dan Objektif Pengajaran<div style="text-align: center;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">“</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT'; font-style: italic;">Differentiating between teaching goals and objectives is the first step to planning a successful teaching plan that is also stress-free”</span></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT'; font-size: large; font-style: italic;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><u><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">Perbezaan</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">antara</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">matlamat</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">dan</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">objektif</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">?</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT'; font-style: italic;"> </span></span></u></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><u><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT'; font-style: italic;"><br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-6Aq0BYiwZ8k/ToDJ9pqQVnI/AAAAAAAAABA/C3QTkZC9QJg/s1600/fghk.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="158" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-6Aq0BYiwZ8k/ToDJ9pqQVnI/AAAAAAAAABA/C3QTkZC9QJg/s400/fghk.png" width="400" /></a></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"><br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div style="text-align: left;"><u><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">Apakah</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">objektif</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">/</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">hasil</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">pembelajaran</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">?</span></span></b></u></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT'; font-size: large;"></span><br />
<div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT'; font-size: large;"><span style="color: #dd8047; font-family: Wingdings;">¨</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">Satu</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">penyataan</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> yang </span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">menetapkan</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;"><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">pengetahuan</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">, </span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">kemahiran</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">, </span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">dan</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">sikap</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">serta</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">nilai</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">yang </span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">diinginkan</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">hasil</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">daripada</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">aktiviti</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">pembelajaran</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span></span></b></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT'; font-size: large;"><span style="color: #dd8047; font-family: Wingdings;">¨</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">Satu</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">penyataan</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> yang </span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">menjelaskan</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;"><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">apa</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> yang </span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">pelajar</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">perlu</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">tahu</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">dan</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">fahami</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">dan</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">/</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">atau</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">dapat</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">lakukan</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">selepas</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">selesai</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">aktiviti</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">pembelajaran</span></span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT'; font-size: large;"><span style="color: #dd8047; font-family: Wingdings;">¨</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">Hasil</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">pembelajaran</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">ada</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> <b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;">3 domain: </span></b></span><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;"><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">Kognitif</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">, </span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">psikomotor</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">, </span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">dan</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">afektif</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> (</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">termasuk</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">kemahiran</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">insaniah</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">)</span></span></b></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT'; font-size: large;"><b><u><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">Komponen</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">objektif</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">/</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">hasil</span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">pembelajaran</span></u></b></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.35in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.35in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT'; font-size: large;"></span></span><br />
<div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.56in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.56in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT'; font-size: large;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">1.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">Frasa</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">merujuk</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">kepada</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">kumpulan</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">sasaran</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span></span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.56in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.56in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT'; font-size: large;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">2.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">Kata</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">kerja</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">aktif</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span></span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.56in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.56in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT'; font-size: large;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">3.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">Objek</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">bagi</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">kata</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">kerja</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span></span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.56in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.56in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT'; font-size: large;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">4.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">Konteks</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">/</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">keadaan</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span></span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.56in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.56in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT'; font-size: large;"><span style="color: #dd8047;">5.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">Standard/</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';">kriteria</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"> </span></span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.56in; margin-top: 7pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.56in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"><span style="font-family: 'Tw Cen MT';"><br />
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</a>Nor Halawati binti Zulkiflihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11013147627867873355noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1402415200940101352.post-82862323260412327522011-09-22T21:18:00.000-07:002011-09-22T21:18:45.113-07:00malaysia energy option<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: #fdfcf8; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Trebuchet, sans-serif; line-height: 19px;"></span><br />
<div style="font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-MY"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">During the past 50 years, global coal usage has doubled, while oil demands has risen sevenfold and natural gas usage more than tenfold. Fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas, petroleum, oil shale and tar sands won’t last forever and eventually they will be exhausted.</span></span></div><div style="font-family: inherit; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></div><div style="font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-MY"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">“Malaysia's leader warned of a global crisis over the tussle for energy resources amid declining supply, and urged major oil producers and consumer nations to jointly develop new resources. The growing demand for depleting oil and gas resources is likely to trigger more intense competition to gain access and control over these resources” (“PressTV website”, June 2006).</span></span></div><div style="font-family: inherit; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></div><div style="font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-MY"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">Malaysia is an oil exporter, but if we do not find new oil reserves, then in the near future we will become a net importer, this means we cannot continue to lean on the oil sector. Also, the price for fossil fuels has gone up drastically in the recent years. We are too dependent on fossil fuels which mostly are imported for our energy supply.</span></span></div><div style="font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></div><div style="font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-MY"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">According to The Star on the date 20<sup>th</sup> September, 2008, Malaysia will turn to nuclear energy to generate electricity by 2023 as supplies of fossil fuel eventually run out. Energy, Water and Communications Minister Shaziman Mansor said,” the use of nuclear energy was also an alternative to counter high global oil prices. The increase in coal prices had been exceptional and we need to act now”.</span></span></div><div style="font-family: inherit; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></div><div style="font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-MY"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">“The government would look at alternative energy sources, including nuclear power, to help the nation reduce its reliance on oil, which has hit nearly US$140 a barrel on global markets. The government hiked fuel prices this month by 41 percent, saying the deeply unpopular move was needed as subsidies would have ballooned to US$17 billion this year” (“The China Post Website”, 2008, paragraph 2).</span></span></div><div style="font-family: inherit; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></div><div style="font-family: inherit; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-MY"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">The Malaysia’s national energy situation is that the country is lacking of available competitive, sustainable alternative commercial energy sources for the long-term, especially beyond 2020. Thus there is a need to enhance national energy security due to depleting local resources.</span></span></div><div style="font-size: 14px;"><span lang="EN-MY" style="font-size: x-small;"><br />
</span></div>Nor Halawati binti Zulkiflihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11013147627867873355noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1402415200940101352.post-53422534566021444132011-09-22T20:47:00.000-07:002011-09-22T20:49:18.620-07:00Model Instruksi/Pengajaran<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-7UpAOiZsBTs/Tnv57-avJ_I/AAAAAAAAAA4/rnb8pLZp-MI/s1600/bismillah.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-7UpAOiZsBTs/Tnv57-avJ_I/AAAAAAAAAA4/rnb8pLZp-MI/s1600/bismillah.png" /></a></div>hari ni Dr.nurul memperkenalkan model...hihi..<br />
bukan model memperagakan pakaian tp model pengjaran..<br />
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sape tahu apa maksud model?????<br />
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terpinga2 juga aku pikir model tu apa maksudnya...<br />
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kat cni la baru aku tahu apa makna model yg sebenarnya..<br />
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moga bermanfaat....<br />
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<b><u><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;">Definisi</span></u></b><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: magenta;">model:</span> Perwakilan sturuktur dan susunan suatu entiti @ proses yg kompleks dlm bentuk yg lebih ringkas/mudah.<br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: magenta;">model pengajaran:</span> perwakilan struktur & susunan proses pengajaran.<br />
<br />
<b><u><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;">Asas pembinaan model</span></u></b><br />
1) berasaskan teori pembelajaran (behavioris, kognitif, humanis, sosialis, konstriktivisme)<br />
2) berasaskan pemusatan guru @ murid<br />
3) berasaskan bilangan pelajar (ramai, kumpulan @ individu)<br />
4) berasaskan darjah penstrukturan (degree of structureness)<br />
<br />
melalui asas ini Dr.Nurul menekankan kpd km mengenai teori konstruktivisme...<br />
<br />
hal ini kerana teori konstruktivisme mempunyai prinsip2 tertentu..<br />
<br />
jom kita study...<br />
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<b><u><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;">Premis asas</span></u></b><br />
1) pelajar membina, meruntuh (deconstruct) dan membina semula pengetahuan mereka sendiri<br />
2) membina, meruntuh dan membina semula sesuatu makna ialah pembelajaran<br />
3) pembelajaran berlaku apabla mereka menstruktur semula idea sedia ada mereka dgn menghubungkaitkan idea lama dgn idea yg sedia ada.<br />
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<b><u><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;">Prinsip konstruktivisme</span></u></b><br />
1) Pembelajaran ialah proses berterusan dan aktif<br />
2) pembelajaran melibatkan aktiviti mental & sosial<br />
3) pembelajaran melibatkan bahasa<br />
4) pembelajran perlu ada konteks<br />
5) pelajar memerlukan pengetahuan utk belajar<br />
6) pembelajaran memerlukan masa yg mencukupi<br />
7) metakognis ( kesedaran & kebolehan mengawal proses berfikir seseorg semasa pembelajaran)<br />
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terdapat 4 fasa yg telah digariskan oleh Dr.Nurul<br />
<br />
<b><u><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;">4 fasa berasaskan konstruktivisme</span></u></b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-j3RGHKYJ57w/Tnv-3bynt-I/AAAAAAAAAA8/I6pzwnE3QBQ/s1600/pentaksiran.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-j3RGHKYJ57w/Tnv-3bynt-I/AAAAAAAAAA8/I6pzwnE3QBQ/s1600/pentaksiran.png" /></a></div><br />
sekian...Nor Halawati binti Zulkiflihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11013147627867873355noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1402415200940101352.post-82819111924944723212011-09-22T19:56:00.000-07:002011-09-22T19:56:14.816-07:00teknik KWHL<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-LESLkMqXAw4/Tnv1DfPIinI/AAAAAAAAAA0/q0vmo1w5gIw/s1600/1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-LESLkMqXAw4/Tnv1DfPIinI/AAAAAAAAAA0/q0vmo1w5gIw/s640/1.JPG" width="483" /></a></div>Nor Halawati binti Zulkiflihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11013147627867873355noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1402415200940101352.post-32406452291168620712011-09-20T10:22:00.000-07:002011-09-20T10:29:38.323-07:00Apa ni???<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #cc0000; font-size: large;">salam muhibbah...</span><br />
<br />
pembelajaran pada hari ini sangat menarik minat saya.<br />
jika sebelum ini saya tidak pernah memikirkan bahawa<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: purple;"> Pendidikan, Instruksi, Pengajaran, Teknologi, Penaksiran dan Pembelajaran</span> adalah mempunyai kebergantungan di antara satu sama lain.<br />
jadi semasa dalam kelas sebentar tadi, sy memperoleh pencerahan yang sgt menarik perhatian sy.<br />
Kaedah yg digunakan dalam sesi pembelajaran pada hari ini oleh Dr.Nurul sgt menarik untuk dikupas.<br />
kami diberi tugasan untuk membentangkan kaitan antara<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: purple;"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">Pendidikan, Instruksi, Pengajaran, Teknologi, Penaksiran dan Pembelajaran.</span></span><br />
<br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: magenta; font-size: large;">jom kita ketahui maksud2 yg sebenar...</span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;">PENDIDIKAN:</span> Proses yang merangkumi pengajaran dan pembelajaran boleh berlaku secara formal, informal dan non formal<br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;">INSTRUKSI:</span> Proses memudahvara ke arah objektif yg telah ditetapkan samada melalui guru atau cara lain.<br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;">PENGAJARAN:</span> Tindakan guru secara langsung yg direka bentuk bagi membantu pengajaran.<br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;">TEKNOLOGI:</span> Set peralatan dan sumber yg membantu menyelesaikan masalah adaptasi yg dihidapi manusia dalam persekitarannya.<br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;">PENAKSIRAN:</span> Proses mengumpul data tentang apa yang pelajar tahu dan boleh lakukan bg membantu dalam proses membantu membuat keputusan.<br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;">PEMBELAJARAN:</span> Proses membina dan mendapatkan pengetahuan, kemahiran, sikap dan nilai tertentu yg boleh diaplikasikan.<br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: red;">PEMBANGUNAN:</span> Penambahan kpd pengetahuan, kemahiran, sikap dan nilai dari tahap yg khusus kpd yg lebih am. Pembanguan memerlukan masa dan pengalaman pembelajaran yg byk serta kematangan.Nor Halawati binti Zulkiflihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11013147627867873355noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1402415200940101352.post-32860929806248575212011-09-13T02:36:00.000-07:002011-09-13T02:36:45.403-07:00Assessment???Pembelajaran pada hari ini ialah mengenai <span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: purple; font-size: large;">pentaksiran</span> atau dlm bahasa omputihnya is called <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: purple;">Assessment</span>.</span><br />
<br />
Dr nurul memulakannya dgn bertanyakan soalan... Apa itu petaksiran???<br />
ada yang menjawab ia adalah mentaksir.<br />
erm agak2 betul tak kawan2???<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-cwq98qWfOnQ/Tm8j10dJxEI/AAAAAAAAAAs/l8EEbtGjlOI/s1600/question-mark.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-cwq98qWfOnQ/Tm8j10dJxEI/AAAAAAAAAAs/l8EEbtGjlOI/s1600/question-mark.jpg" /></a></div>ok... jawapan yg tepatnya ialah:<br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: purple; font-size: large;">Pentaksiran adalah salah satu proses untuk mengumpul data tentang apa yang pelajar tahu dan apa yang boleh mereka lakukan.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: purple; font-size: large;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: purple; font-size: large;">Assessment is one process of collecting data about what stdent know and what they able to do.</span><br />
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erm satu proses???<br />
proses yg mcm ne??<br />
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There are multiple type of assessment process such as giving quizzes, question, questioner and doing coursework. From here we can analyse what they know from their learning or others.<br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white;">there are <span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #741b47;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">t</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">wo type of assessment:</span></span></span><br />
1)<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;">Assessment of learning (summative assessment)</span></span><br />
<div style="text-align: left;">- is a process to evaluating (rubric)</div>2)<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394; font-size: large;"> Assessment for learning (peer assessment) </span><br />
- a part of interaction process<br />
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that's all for today!Nor Halawati binti Zulkiflihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11013147627867873355noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1402415200940101352.post-55839691637489928212011-09-12T03:02:00.000-07:002011-09-12T03:02:42.653-07:00Selamat datang ^_^<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-enpC63IRCD4/Tm3YdXSciBI/AAAAAAAAAAo/8rkbOroI3PA/s1600/edit+blog.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-enpC63IRCD4/Tm3YdXSciBI/AAAAAAAAAAo/8rkbOroI3PA/s640/edit+blog.jpg" width="439" /></a></div>Nor Halawati binti Zulkiflihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11013147627867873355noreply@blogger.com0